Access for users without the Customize Application permission to read unprotected custom settings is revoked as part of this critical update. Using different APIs that are provided by Salesforce, users without the Customize Application permission could read unprotected custom settings. Following the “secure by default” approach, this access is revoked.
Where: This change applies to Lightning Experience and Salesforce Classic in Contact Manager, Essentials, Professional, Enterprise, Performance, Unlimited, and Developer editions.
When: This critical update is scheduled to be enforced on sandbox instances on January 2, 2020 in the Spring ’20 release. It will not be rolled out to all instances on January 2, 2020. Sandbox instances are upgraded 4–6 weeks before a release goes into production. To find the exact activation date for your instance, refer to https://status.salesforce.com.
How: When this critical update is enforced on the instance, users without the Customize Application permission can no longer access custom settings. To minimize the impact on your users, admins with the Customize Application permission can grant read access to specific custom settings, or to all custom settings.
https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?id=release-notes.rn_forcecom_custom_settings_access_cruc_addWinter.htm&release=224&type=5